EIP-1559 calculator: what a transaction really pays
Base fee, tip and max fee in, paid / burned / never charged out. The base fee and tip are pre-filled from the latest Ethereum reading.
Formula: EIP-1559. Live values: eth_feeHistory on a public Ethereum node.
Questions and answers
What is the difference between max fee and max priority fee?
The max priority fee is the tip you offer the block proposer per gas. The max fee is the most you accept to pay per gas in total. You pay base fee + tip, capped at the max fee; the rest of the max fee is never charged.
What happens to the base fee?
It is burned — removed from supply — as EIP-1559 specifies. Only the tip goes to the block proposer.
How fast can the base fee change?
By at most 12.5 % from one block to the next: up after a block that is more than half full, down after one that is less than half full. EIP-1559 fixes this as BASE_FEE_MAX_CHANGE_DENOMINATOR = 8.
Why does my wallet set the max fee so high?
So the transaction stays valid even if the base fee keeps rising for several blocks. A high max fee is not charged; you still pay only base fee + tip.